Table 2 Antimicrobial activity of stingless bee propolis. For each propolis, it is referred its producing species, its geographic origin, and the microorganisms on which each extract had an antimicrobial effect
From: Stingless bee propolis: composition, biological activities and its applications in the food industry
Producing species | Geographic origin | Target microorganism | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides | Brazil | Staphylococcus aureus; Escherichia coli | (Velikova et al. 2000) |
Trigona laeviceps | Thailand | Staphylococcus aureus; Escherichia coli; Candida albicans; Aspergilus niger. | (Umthong et al. 2009) |
Frieseomelitta varia | Brazil | Aeromonas hydrophila; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Bacillus subtilis; Staphylococcus aureus. | (Campos et al. 2011) |
Tetragonula carbonaria | Australia | Staphylococcus aureus; Pseudomonas aeruginosa | (Massaro et al. 2014) |
Melipona orbignyi | Brazil | Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; Candida albicans. | (Campos et al. 2014) |
Tetragonisca fiebrigi | Brazil | Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Enterococcus faecalis; Klebsiella pneumonia; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Proteus mirabilis; Candida glabrata; Candida albicans. | (Campos et al. 2015) |
Tetragonula laeviceps; Tetrigona melanoleuca | Thailand | Listeria monocytogenes; Micrococcus luteus; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pyogenes; Serratia marcescens; Salmonella typhimurium; Bacillus cereus; Escherichia coli. | (Sanpa et al. 2015) |
Tetragonisca angustula | Brazil | Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus mutans; Escherichia coli. | (Carneiro et al. 2016) |
Trigona thoracica | Malaysia | Candida albicans; Cryptococcus neoformans. | (Shehu et al. 2016) |
Melipona quadrifasciata; Tetragonisca angustula | Brazil | Staphylococcus aureus; Enterococcus faecalis; Escherichia coli; Klebsiella pneumonia | (Torres et al. 2018) |
Frieseomelitta longipes; Apis mellifera | Brazil | Bacillus cereus; Staphylococcus aureus; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Escherichia coli; Candida albicans; Candida tropicalis | (De Souza et al. 2018) |
Heterotrigona itama | Brunei | Staphylococcus aureus; Bacillus subtilis; Escherichia coli; Pseudomonas aeruginosa | (Abdullah et al., 2019) |
not described | India | Staphylococcus aureus; Bacillus subtilis; Escherichia coli; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Candida albicans | (Kasote et al. 2019) |
Trigona itama | Malaysia | Staphylococcus aureus; Escherichia coli | (Yusop et al. 2019) |
Apis mellifera scutellata; Scaptotrigona bipunctata; Melipona quadrifasciata quadrifasciata; Plebeia remota | Brazil | Escherichia coli; Kleibsiella pneumonia; Pseudomonas aeruginosa. | (Surek et al. 2021) |