Table 1 Nutritional composition of bitter gourd (Adapted from Behera et al. 2008; Nagarani et al. 2014; Sorifa 2018; Saeed et al. 2018)

Water (%)

83.2–92.4

Lipids (%)

0.1–1

Carbohydrates (%)

4.2–9.8

Proteins (%)

1.6–2.9

Fiber (%)

0.8–1.7

Ash (%)

7–18

Calcium (mg/100 mg)

20–50

Phosphorus (mg/100 mg)

70–140

Iron (mg/100 mg)

2.2–9.4

Magnesium (mg/100 mg)

16

Sodium (mg/100 mg)

3–40

Potassium (mg / 100 mg)

8–170

Zinc (mg/100 mg)

0.1

Manganese (mg/100 mg)

0.08–0.32

Copper (mg/100 mg)

0.18–5

Vitamin A as carotenes

210–220 IU

Vitamin C

70–120 mg

Thiamine (mg)

0.05

Riboflavin (mg)

0.03

Niacin (mg)

0.4