Table 1 Composition (g/100 g milk)^a of camel milk as compared to bovine, caprine and human milk

Camel

3.1 (2.4–4.2)

3.2 (2.0–6.0)

4.3 (3.5–4.9)

0.8 (0.69–0.9)

11.0 (10.6–11.3)

Medhammar et al. 2011; Roy et al. 2020

Bovine

3.2 (3.1–3.3)

3.8 (3.3–5.4)

5.1 (4.9–5.6)

0.72 (0.7–0.8)

11.9 (10.8–12.3)

Medhammar et al. 2011; Rafiq et al. 2016; Vincenzetti et al. 2022

Caprine

3.3 (3.0–5.2)

4.1 (3.0–7.2)

4.5 (3.2–5.0)

0.8 (0.7–0.9)

12.2 (11.9–16.3)

Park 2017; Roy et al. 2020; Vincenzetti et al. 2022

Human

1.2 (0.9–1.9)

3.5 (2.1–4.0)

6.4 (6.3–7.0)

0.2 (0.2–0.3)

12.2 (10.7–12.9)

Berhe et al. 2017; Roy et al. 2020; Vincenzetti et al. 2022