Skip to main content

Table 5 Association between socio-demographic characteristics and health status and using of dietary supplements

From: Prevalence, knowledge, awareness, and attitudes towards dietary supplements among Bahraini adults: a cross-sectional study

Variables

Number of participants

Odd ratio 95% confidence interval

P-trend value*

Gender

 Male

173

1

 < 0.001

 Female

409

2.13(1.49–3.05)

 

Age

 18–30 years

385

1

0.208

 > 30 years

197

1.25(0.88–1.78)

 

Educational level

 Not well- educated

194

1

0.002

  (Secondary school degree or less)

   

  Well educated

388

1.69(1.22–2.36)

 

  (Diploma degree or higher)

   

Occupation

 Non-employed

   

  (Student, housewife, and unemployed)

426

1

0.100

  Employed

156

1.37 (0.94–1.99)

 

Monthly income

 Less than 500 BD

441

1

0.033

 From 500 to 1000 BD

107

1.12(0.73–1.74)

 

 More than 1000 BD

34

2.66(1.18–6.0)

 

Smoking

 Non-smoker

337

1

0.322

 Smoker

245

0.82(0.56–1.21)

 

Presence of chronic disease

 No

454

1

0.006

 Yes

128

1.78(1.17–2.70)

 

BMI

 Underweight

45

1.42(0.72–2.80)

0.05

 Normal weight

255

1.72(1.18–2.68))

 

 Overweight

153

1.63(1.03–2.61)

 

 Obese

129

1

 
  1. Data is shown as crude odds ratio (95% CI) calculated by multinomial logistic regression
  2. *P-trend was calculated by linear regression and P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant