Table 4 Application potential of jackfruit seed starch in various sectors

Thickener and Stabilizer in chilli sauce

Jackfruit seed starch when incorporated with chilli sauce showed better consistency and low serum separation

(Rengsutthi & Charoenrein 2011)

Coagulant aid for treatment of wastewater

Positive turbidity and Chemical oxygen demand removals were observed in the systems

(Choy et al. 2017)

(Yunus & Azaha 2021)

Jackfruit seed plasticized with glycerol to make starch-based bioplastics

The bioplastics had low opacity, better water vapor permeability, and high mechanical stability, by using glycerol in the gelatinized starch dispersions

(Santana et al. 2018)

Novel flavor microcapsules containing vanilla oil

Results of peroxide value and the aroma intensity demonstrated that it had good storage stability and slow-releasing potential with a shelf life of 250 days

(Zhu et al. 2018)

Bioethanol

Jackfruit seed starch was able to produce 13–19% of ethanol

(Ginting et al. 2020)

Smart film as an indicator of fish freshness

The film exhibited a high tensile strength

(Costa et al. 2020)

Rice bran oil encapsulation using jackfruit seed starch

Increased encapsulation efficiency of 85.90% was observed after the incorporation of jackfruit seed starch

(Murali et al. 2017)

Jackfruit seed starch-based bioplastics using sorbitol as a plasticizer and chitosan as a filler

The bioplastic showed good tensile strength 13,524 MPa with a smooth fracture surface

(Lubis et al. 2017)

Jackfruit seed starch-alginate mucoadhesive beads of metformin Hydrochloric acid

In alloxan-induced diabetic rats, the optimised beads demonstrated good mucoadhesivity and a strong hypoglycemia impact for an extended period following oral delivery

(Nayak & Pal 2013)

Microencapsulated anthocyanin-rich powder using soy protein isolate, jackfruit seed starch, and an emulsifier

Encapsulation efficiency was found to be 89–90%. Studies on storage to determine the anthocyanin half-life in the microcapsule at room temperature (37 °C) showed improved stability, i.e., 63 days when stored under an amber-colored vial compared to just 35 days when stored under a clear glass vial

(Patel et al. 2020)

Plasticized jackfruit seed starch as an alternative to petroleum-based polymer blends

Improved thermal stability as well as tensile properties

(Kahar et al. 2019)

Superdisintegrant to design fast-dissolving tablets of irbesartan

Formulations were stable and showed fast disintegration of tablets and drug release

(Suryadevara et al. 2017)

Jackfruit seed starch-based bioplastic reinforced with microcrystalline cellulose from cocoa pod husk using glycerol as a plasticizer

Tensile strength of 0.637 MPa was observed

(Lubis et al. 2018)

Jackfruit seed starch used as a coating material in ‘Palmer’ mango fruit

The coating sources were effective in maintaining quality and delayed fruit skin yellowing

(Rodrigues et al. 2020)

Jackfruit seed sourced resistant starch along with Bifidobacterium pseudolongum subsp. Globosum (synbiotics) to suppress hyperlipidemia in Mice

Maintained the homeostasis of the intestinal microbes by correcting the damaging effects of a high-fat diet on gut microbes. Synergistic effects were seen in order to treat and prevent hyperlipidemia

(Zhang et al. 2021a, 2021b, 2021c)

Jackfruit seed starch-PVA blend polymer electrolyte along with Zinc oxide nanoparticles

The maximum ionic conductivity at an ambient temperature of 1.10 × 10^–6 S cm⁻¹ was obtained in the film and it is attributed because of the high amorphous content

(Raihan et al. 2022)

Jackfruit seed starch based composite films

Showed improved material strength, apparent viscosity, dynamic moduli, enhanced ultraviolet, water vapor barrier properties, and thermal stability

(Santhosh & Sarkar 2022)

Jackfruit seed starch-based bioplastics

Good tensile strength of 5.12 MPa

(Nguyen et al. 2022)

Jackfruit seed starch-based thermoplastic films along with glycerol

The maximum strength, 4.40 MPa, was attained by starch film plasticized with 10% glycerol, which also created stable hydrogen bond contacts with the starch molecules

(Seed 2018)

Jackfruit seed starch-based films containing carvacrol

The film effectively controlled the growth of Staphylococcus aureus in cheese stored at 28 °C with a tensile strength of 12.03 MPa

(Saturos et al. 2021)

Thiolated Jackfruit seed starch as a colonic drug delivery carrier

High drug release rate at pH 7.4

(Das et al. 2019)

Jackfruit seed starch used as a coagulant for the leachate treatment process

Addition of the jackfruit seed starch succeeded in reducing 33.3% the usage amount of polyaluminium chloride in the treatment

(Suffianyusoff et al. 2016)