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Table 3 Physicochemical characteristics and proximate composition (%, dry basis) of breads

From: Physicochemical, in vitro antidiabetic and sensory characteristics of leavened functional bread made with Lasia spinosa and Nelumbo nucifera rhizome flours composited with wheat flour

Sample

Protein

Fat

Ash

Total starch

Total dietary fiber

Resistant starch

Moisture

aw

Control

15.10 ± 0.02e

2.35 ± 0.24e

1.95 ± 0.20a

50.05 ± 0.03e

2.05 ± 0.11a

0.85 ± 0.11a

29.55 ± 0.01a

0.72 ± 0.01a

T1

14.52 ± 0.01d

1.90 ± 0.01d

2.65 ± 0.02b

38.85 ± 0.02d

12.46 ± 0.10b

2.80 ± 0.14b

30.25 ± 0.02b

0.69 ± 0.15a

T2

13.45 ± 0.14c

1.75 ± 0.05c

2.82 ± 0.02c

26.45 ± 0.21c

22.53 ± 0.03c

5.85 ± 0.21c

32.14 ± 0.01c

0.67 ± 0.01a

T3

10.50 ± 0.12b

1.65 ± 0.12b

3.04 ± 0.01d

23.72 ± 0.03b

33.45 ± 0.20d

6.25 ± 0.03d

32.37 ± 0.03d

0.65 ± 0.02a

T4

8.56 ± 0.05a

1.35 ± 0.22a

3.28 ± 0.01e

12.50 ± 0.02a

43.65 ± 0.15e

9.58 ± 0.15e

33.22 ± 0.10e

0.66 ± 0.01a

  1. Values expressed as means ± SD (n = 3). Different letter superscripts express significant differences between values of the same column (p < 0.05)