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Table 4 Levels of starch, amylose, amylopectin, starch hydrolysis index (HI), and estimated glycaemic index (eGI) of flours and biscuits

From: Physicochemical, in vitro starch digestibility and sensory characteristics of biofortified yellow maize-cowpea composite flours and biscuits

Samples

Starch (%)

Amylose (%)

Amylopectin (%)

Amylose/Amylopectin

HI (%)

eGI (%)

Flours

      

M-f

70.58 ± 0.24b

19.79 ± 0.11b

80.21 ± 0.11i

0.25 ± 0.00b

70.54 ± 0.37c

69.01 ± 0.32b

MC-f1

68.66 ± 0.39c

18.19 ± 0.18c

81.82 ± 0.18h

0.22 ± 0.00c

72.33 ± 0.43b

66.07 ± 0.32c

MC-f2

60.43 ± 0.47d

17.21 ± 0.17d

82.80 ± 0.19g

0.21 ± 0.00d

56.74 ± 0.29d

57.10 ± 0.26d

MC-f3

54.64 ± 0.10f

15.93 ± 0.12e

84.07 ± 0.12f

0.19 ± 0.00e

47.31 ± 0.22g

48.98 ± 0.19g

C-f

51.87 ± 0.53g

13.22 ± 0.13g

86.78 ± 0.11d

0.15 ± 0.00g

38.22 ± 0.14i

41.15 ± 0.12i

W-f

80.68 ± 0.26a

21.81 ± 0.29a

78.20 ± 0.30j

0.28 ± 0.00a

74.20 ± 0.33a

72.16 ± 0.29a

Biscuits

      

M-b

61.05 ± 0.29d

15.91 ± 0.01e

84.09 ± 0.01f

0.19 ± 0.00e

53.62 ± 0.29e

54.42 ± 0.25e

MC-b1

57.23 ± 0.49e

14.04 ± 0.07f

85.96 ± 0.07e

0.16 ± 0.00f

50.93 ± 0.28f

52.10 ± 0.25f

MC-b2

50.20 ± 0.43h

12.05 ± 0.35h

87.95 ± 0.35c

0.14 ± 0.01h

44.81 ± 0.54h

46.83 ± 0.47h

MC-b3

46.20 ± 0.44i

10.15 ± 0.23i

89.86 ± 0.23b

0.11 ± 0.00i

37.80 ± 0.51i

40.78 ± 0.44i

C-b

41.02 ± 0.24j

7.82 ± 0.24j

92.19 ± 0.24a

0.09 ± 0.01j

31.09 ± 0.25j

34.99 ± 0.21j

W-b

68.01 ± 0.66c

18.27 ± 0.18c

81.73 ± 0.18h

0.23 ± 0.01c

56.84 ± 0.50d

57.19 ± 0.45d

  1. Results are presented as mean ± SD of triplicate analyses. Mean values with varying superscript letters along the same column are significantly different at p < 0.05. Flours and biscuits acronyms are as defined in the “Wholemeal composite flours preparation” and “Biscuit-baking process” sections, respectively